El I-Flexibacter Columnaris Sisifo sebhaktiriya esinokuchaphazela kakhulu iintlanzi zethu, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezihlala emanzini ezingagcinwanga kakuhle okanye ezixineneyo. Uphawu lwayo oluphambili yinkangeleko ye ukubola emlonyeni Ubukho be amabala amhlophe amhlophe ujikeleze umzimba weentlanzi, ngaphezu kokuqhekeka kwamaphiko kunye nomsila.
Yintoni iFlexibacter Columnaris?
El I-Flexibacter Columnaris yintsholongwane Igram-negative enokubhidaniswa lula nosulelo lomngundo ngenxa yokufana kwezilonda ezibangelayo, njengamabala amhlophe esikhumbeni nasemlonyeni wentlanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo nefungi, ehlala ikhula kwizicubu ezifileyo, iFlexibacter Columnaris ichaphazela intlanzi ephilayo, kwaye isasazwa ikakhulu nge. ungcoliseko lwamanzi okanye ukudibana nezinye iintlanzi ezigulayo.
Nangona iimpawu zingabonakala zifana, umahluko ophambili kukuba i-Flexibacter Columnaris isasazeka phakathi kweentlanzi eziphilayo, ngelixa izifo zefungal zivame ukuqaliswa xa izicubu ezifileyo sele zikhona kwiintlanzi.
Imiba yomngcipheko kunye nezizathu zeFlexibacter Columnaris
Le bhaktiriya ixhaphake kakhulu kwii-aquariums, kodwa ihlasela iintlanzi kuphela phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobuthathaka. Iintlanzi ezisempilweni azichaphazeleki ngokubanzi, kodwa xa imeko ye-aquarium ingekho semgangathweni, ibhaktheriya inokwanda. Phakathi kwezinto eziphambili zomngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kweFlexibacter Columnaris kwiintlanzi zezi:
- Umgangatho ophantsi wamanzi: I-aquarium ene ukugcinwa kakubi, engafumani utshintsho lwamanzi rhoqo, yindawo efanelekileyo yokuba le bhaktheriya isasazeke.
- Ukunyuka kwabemi: Iintlanzi ezininzi kwindawo encinci azigcini nje ukwandisa uxinzelelo, kodwa ziququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwesifo ukusuka kwintlanzi enye ukuya kwenye.
- Amanqanaba eoksijini aphantsi: Iilwandle ezineoksijini engalunganga zidala imeko-bume efanelekileyo yokwanda kweebhaktheriya ezifana neFlexibacter Columnaris.
- Amanqanaba aphezulu e-nitrites: Ukuqokelelana kwenkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo kunye nokutya okungatyiwanga kubangela ukwanda kwee-nitrites ezithi, zidibene namazinga aphantsi oksijini, zingenza buthathaka iintlanzi kwaye zibenze zichaphazeleke ngakumbi zizifo.
Ukudluliselwa kunye nokuxilongwa
El I-Flexibacter Columnaris Isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwii-aquariums apho ibhaktiriya enye inokosulela iintlanzi ezininzi kwisithuba seentsuku. I usulelo oluthe ngqo Kwenzeka xa iintlanzi zitya ukutya okungcolileyo, okanye xa zibelana ngesithuba esifanayo samanzi angcolileyo. Kuqhelekile ukuba usulelo lusasazeke ngezinye izinto ezikwi-aquarium ezifana nezityalo, imihombiso, okanye izixhobo ezingafakwanga zintsholongwane.
Los ezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo kolu sulelo lubandakanya ukubonakala kwamabala e-cottony emlonyeni, ukubola kwamaphiko kunye nezilonda emzimbeni wentlanzi.
Unyango lwe-Flexibacter Columnaris
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyanga esi sifo, kodwa kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwi iqondo lokuqhubekeka kosulelo. Ukuba ubanjwe kumanqanaba okuqala, kunokwenzeka ukuphucula iimeko zamanzi ngokwandisa utshintsho oluqhelekileyo kunye nokugcina i-aquarium igcwele i-oksijini ukunceda ukunciphisa usulelo.
Kwiimeko eziphezulu kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwe iintsholongwane njenge oxytetracycline, tetracycline okanye kanamycin. Ezi antibiotics zinokusetyenziswa ngokusebenzisa ukutya okumithisiweyo kunye neekhompawundi, okanye ngokuthe ngqo emanzini e-aquarium.
Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba i-Flexibacter Columnaris idla ngokuxhathisa ezinye ii-antibiotics ezifana ne-ormethoprim kunye ne-sulfadimethoxine, eyenza unyango lwayo lube nzima ngakumbi ukuba ukuxilongwa akwenziwanga ngexesha.
IProtokholi yoNyango lweAntibacteria
- Ukugcinwa komgangatho wamanzi: Yenza utshintsho olungaphelelanga lwamanzi rhoqo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isihluzo sebhayoloji sisebenza kakuhle.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics: Ukuba usulelo sele lwenzekile, sebenzisa antibiotics ezifana oxytetracycline o kanamycin, esebenzayo ngokuchasene neebhaktheriya. Ezi zilawulwa kakuhle ekutyeni.
- Ukwahlukaniswa kweentlanzi ezinentsholongwane: Beka iintlanzi ezigulayo kwitanki yesibhedlele apho unokulawula ngcono usulelo ngaphandle kokubeka ezinye iintlanzi emngciphekweni.
- Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kwindlela yokuziphatha: Qwalasela naluphi na utshintsho kumbala, umnqweno wokutya nokuziphatha kwentlanzi.
Thintelo
Nangona unyango lubalulekile nje ukuba isifo sivele, kungcono ukugcina i-aquarium kwiimeko ezithintela usulelo. Ukunqanda i I-Flexibacter Columnaris kwi-aquarium:
- Yenza utshintsho oluncinci lwamanzi rhoqo ukuphepha ukuqokelelana kweebhaktheriya.
- Yiphephe ukwanda kwabantu kwi-aquarium.
- Gcina amanqanaba aphezulu e-oxygen usebenzisa isixokelelwano somoya esikumgangatho ophezulu okanye isihluzo.
- Qinisekisa ukuba akukho ukutya engasetyenziswanga ihlala emanzini ixesha elide.
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiintlanzi, ezifana nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kweqondo lokushisa okanye umgangatho wamanzi.
Imiba yokusingqongileyo kunye nempembelelo yazo kwiZifo
Kubalulekile ukuba uchaze ukuba I-Flexibacter Columnaris uyachuma amaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-25°C. Ke ngoko, elinye lamanyathelo acetyiswayo okunciphisa ukwanda kwayo kukunciphisa ubushushu be-aquarium kancinane, ukuya kutsho kuma-24°C, nto leyo enceda ukucothisa ukukhula kweebhaktheriya. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe ngononophelo ukwenzela ukuba ingabangela uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwiintlanzi.
Ukunganyangeki kwii-Antibiotics kunye noNyango olongezelelweyo
Omnye wemingeni ekunyangeni I-Flexibacter Columnaris kukuba ibhaktheriya iye yaphuhliswa ukumelana kwii-antibiotics ezithile, ezifana ormethoprim kunye sulfadimethoxine. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa indibaniselwano yeendlela zokunyanga esi sifo ngokufanelekileyo.
Olunye uhlolisiso luye lwacebisa ukuba ukongeza icephe letyuwa kwiilitha ezi-4 zamanzi ukuya kwi-aquarium kunokunciphisa amazinga okufa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%, njengoko kunceda ukunciphisa ukukwazi kwebhaktiriya ukunamathela kumzimba wentlanzi.
Ngaphaya koko, ukuqaliswa kwe i-acriflavine o nitrofurazone kwiibhafu zonyango ibonise iziphumo ezithandekayo. Ngendlela ehambelanayo, ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibacterial ezifana phenoxyethanol Isebenza kwakhona xa isetyenziswe kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo kunye nesiganeko seColumnaris kwiintlanzi
Njengezifo ezininzi zebhaktheriya kwiintlanzi, Uxinzelelo ludlala indima ephambili kwimbonakalo yeFlexibacter Columnaris. Iintlanzi eziphantsi kotshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu, indawo ehlala abantu abaninzi kakhulu okanye umgangatho ophantsi wamanzi udla ngokukhula olu sulelo rhoqo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukunciphisa imithombo yoxinzelelo kwi-aquarium.
Kwakhona uxinezeleko luyenza buthathaka inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwiintlanzi, nto leyo ezenza zibechanabeke ngakumbi kwizifo. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko, kubalulekile ukugcina iiparamitha zamanzi zizinzile, wenze utshintsho lwamanzi rhoqo, kwaye ungazisi iintlanzi ezigulayo kwi-aquarium ngaphandle kokuvalelwa kwangaphambili.
I-Columnaris kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlanzi
Ngelixa zonke iintlanzi zasemanzini acwengileyo zinokuchaphazeleka I-Flexibacter Columnaris, ezinye iintlobo, ngakumbi i viviparous ezifana neeguppies kunye ne-mollies, kunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane isifo. Oku kungenxa yokuba uninzi lwezi ntlanzi zikhuliswa phantsi kweemeko ezixineneyo kwiindawo ezihlala emanzini orhwebo, nto leyo eyandisa ukuchanabeka kwazo kwiintsholongwane ezibangela izifo kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo.
Kubalulekile ukujonga ezi ntlobo ngokusondeleyo ngakumbi, njengoko naziphi na iimpawu zokuqala zosulelo kufuneka zinyangwe ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kwi-aquarium.
Nkqu iintlanzi ngaphandle amaxolo, ezifana intlanzi yekati, zichaphazeleka sesi sifo kwaye zinezilonda ezibomvu ezinemiphetho evuthayo ekufuneka zinyangwe ngokukhawuleza ukuze zithintele ukukhula kwazo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i iintlanzi ezisanda kuthengwa kumazwe angaphandle okanye ezifunyenweyo zisengozini ngakumbi kwesi sifo ngenxa yezothutho kunye neemeko zokuxinana. Ke ngoko, kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe itanki yokuvalelwa yodwa ngaphambi kokuba ungenise intlanzi entsha kwi-aquarium esekiweyo.
Okokugqibela, utshintsho oluncinci kugcino kunye nokhathalelo lwe-aquarium lunokwenza umahluko phakathi kokusingqongileyo okunempilo kunye nokuqhambuka I-Flexibacter Columnaris loo nto ibeka engozini zonke iintlanzi. Kubalulekile ukuhlala uphaphile kuzo naziphi na iimpawu kwaye uhoye intlanzi nakwelona phawu luncinci lokugula.