Ulwandle lunokumbombozela ngokwalo, kwaye inzululwazi inokugqibela ngokubeka igama kuyo. Itekhnoloji entsha iyakuvumela "mamela" intlanzi kwaye uchonge ukuba zeziphi isandi seentlobo ngamaxesha onke, ukuvula ifestile entsha kubomi bezixhobo ze-coral ngaphandle kokuphazamisa abemi bazo.
Uphuhliso, olukhokelwa yiFishEye Collaborative kunye neYunivesithi yaseCornell kunye neYunivesithi yaseAalto, idibanisa iaudio yendawo kunye nevidiyo ye-360 ° ukunxulumanisa ngokuchanileyo isandi ngasinye kunye nentlanzi esivelileyo. Isindululo, esipapashwe kwijenali Methods in Ecology and Evolution, simele ukutsibela phambili okubonakalayo kulondolozo lwaselwandle.
Isebenza njani "indlebe" yolwalwa
Isixhobo, a Ikhamera yeAcoustic yangaphantsi kwamanzi (UPAC-360), idibanisa i-hydrophone ye-audio yendawo kunye nekhamera ye-360 °. Oku kuvumela abaphandi ukuba bafumane umthombo wesandi ngasinye kwaye bawubeke phezulu kumfanekiso wepanoramic ukubona ukuba ngubani "othetha" ngexesha lokwenyani.
Le ndlela yokuntywila iguqula isandi se-reef ibe yindlela yokubona kunye neyokuvayo ehambelanayo. Isalathiso sesandi simelwe njengomzila kwividiyo., ngoko xa intlanzi ibetha, i-creaks okanye i-grunts, le nkqubo ivumela ubungqina obucacileyo ukuba busetyenziswe ukubonisa uxanduva lwentlanzi.
Enye inzuzo ephambili kukuthunyelwa kwayo ngokuzimeleyo: izixhobo zifakiwe kwaye zihlala zirekhoda ixesha elide, ngaphandle kwesidingo sabaninzi okanye izikhepheNgale ndlela, ukuziphatha kwemvelo kubhaliwe, ukuthintela ubukho bomntu ekuguquleni iziphumo.
Ukoyisa ingxolo yangasemva kube yenye yeengxaki ezinkulu. Ulwalwa luzele i-shrimp snaps, i-creaks kunye ne-bangs, kunye neentlanzi ezininzi ezihambisa ngexesha elinye. Iaudio yendawo inceda imithombo eyahlukeneyo, naxa abantu bequbha bengamaqela kunye neempawu ziyadibana.
Yintoni abayifumeneyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku?
Kwiingqaqa ze CuracaoInkqubo yavumela izandi ukuba zichazwe kwiintlobo ze-46, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha esingazange sibhalwe njengesandi. Le seti yenza eyona ngqokelela inkulu yemiqondiso ye-acoustic. de peces ipapashwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Iqela liqikelela ukuba ngaphezu kweentlobo ze-700 kwiiCaribbean zinokuvelisa izandi, ngoko idatha eqokelelweyo iyisiqalo nje. Ngaxeshanye, bakhuphe ilayibrari ekhulayo yee-audios eziphawulweyo eziya kusetyenziselwa ukuqeqesha umatshini wokufunda i-algorithms ekwaziyo ukufumanisa iintlobo kwiirekhodi ezizayo.
Umbono we "Merlin" yaselwandle - njengeCornell Lab ye-Ornithology's isazisi sokuchongwa kweentaka-usekude kakhulu, kodwa isiseko sele sikhona. Sonke isandi sibalelwa yenza ukuba kube lula ukuqaphela, ukuzisa ukubanakho kwemibuzo ekhawulezayo kwimiqulu emikhulu yomsindo ophantsi kwamanzi.
Ukongeza kwiCuraçao, le ndlela isetyenziswayo kwaye iqinisekisiwe ngamaphulo azinzileyo akweminye iingqaqa. Uthotho lwexesha elide luvumela ukuthelekiswa kweeyure, amaxesha kunye neziganeko, ukubona utshintsho olufihlakeleyo kumsebenzi we-acoustic yoluntu de peces.
Ulondolozo, ulawulo kunye namanyathelo alandelayo
Iingqaqa zetropikhi ezinzulu zigubungela kuphela i-0,1% yomgangatho wolwandle, kodwa zilikhaya phantse I-25% yazo zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana zaselwandleUkwehla kwabo ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi, ungcoliseko, kunye nokuloba ngokugqithisileyo kwenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nezalathi ezibuthathaka zempilo kunye nokomelela.
Ukuphulaphula iintlanzi kunika ngokuchanekileyo loo ntliziyo. Ukubonelela ngesandi iimpawu zobukho, ukuvelisa kunye nomsebenzi zeentlobo eziphambili, ezinceda ukuvavanya ukubuyiselwa, iindawo ezikhuselweyo kunye neempendulo kwiziqendu zoxinzelelo lwendalo.
Kubaphathi kunye nee-NGOs, ukuba ne-passive, eqhubekayo kunye ne-non-invasive monitoring ivumela utyalo mali ngcono: chonga ukuba makwenziwe phi, ngawaphi amanyathelo asebenzayo, kwaye nini ukulungisa iinzame. Iqela liceba ukwandisa ilayibrari ye-acoustic yeCaribbean kunye nokwandisa ukuthunyelwa IHawaii kunye ne-Indonesia kumaphulo amatsha.
Iinkokeli zeprojekthi zigxininisa ukuba, nangona kungekho "umncedisi wendalo yonke" onokuchonga zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana ngoko nangoko, usetyenziso lwezenzululwazi lukhawuleza: ukusuka ekubhaqweni kweentlobo ezinqabileyo okanye ezihlaselayo ukuya ekubhaleni amaxesha okukhwelana kunye notshintsho kubume boluntu.
Ngale "indlebe" ephantsi kwamanzi, uphando luye lwathatha inguqu ebonakalayo: ukunika ilizwi kwiintlanzi akuyona into elula yokufuna ukwazi, kodwa isixhobo esivumela. beka iliso kwimpilo yonxweme ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha lokwenyani, isitshixo ekukhuseleni abo baxhomekeke kule ecosystems kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ekhokelwa idatha.
