I-Dropsy kwiintlanzi: izizathu, iimpawu, unyango, kunye nokuthintela ngokupheleleyo

  • I-Dropsy kwiintlanzi sisifo esibi esizibonakalisa njengokuqokelelwa kwamanzi kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kudibaniswa nosulelo lwe-bacterial, ii-parasites, okanye umgangatho ophantsi wamanzi.
  • Ukubona iimpawu kwangethuba (isisu esidumbileyo, amaxolo aqhawukileyo, amehlo adumbileyo) kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile ekuzameni ukubuyisela intlanzi.
  • Ukuthintela esi sifo kulula kunokusiphatha, ngokubeka phambili ukucocwa kwe-aquarium, ukondla ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokubeka iliso rhoqo kwiiparamitha zamanzi.
Germán Portillo

Imizuzu ye9

i-drosy in fish: isifo samanzi

Ukubukela iintlanzi zethu Kwi-aquarium, isinika uxolo lwengqondo ukubabona bekude neengozi zangaphandle ezinokubakho. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zilwanyana zinokugula, nakwiindawo ezilawulwayo. Ukuba kukhona enye isifo kwintlanziKubalulekile ukuyibona ngokukhawuleza ukuze uthathe inyathelo ngokukhawuleza kwaye uphephe iziphumo ezinkulu. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba isifo siyasulela okanye sibeka esichengeni impilo yezinye iintlanzi kwindawo enye.

Kweli nqaku libanzi sijongana ngokubanzi ithontsi kwintlanzi: yintoni na kwaye kutheni isenzeka, ezona mpawu zibalaseleyo, indlela yokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo, izinto ezinobungozi, ezona ntlobo zisemngciphekweni, kwaye, ewe, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango olusebenzayo kunye neendlela zokuthintela impilo-ntle yabemi base-aquarium. Sikwabandakanya ulwazi lweengcali malunga nokuba wenze ntoni ukwandisa amathuba okuchacha kunye nendlela yokuthintela isifo ukuba singaphindi.

Yintoni i-drosy kwintlanzi?

I-drosy in fish: ukugcinwa kwamanzi

La ithontsi, ikwabizwa ngokuba i-ascites esosulelayo okanye isisu samanzi, yenye yezona pathologies zoyikwa kakhulu kwi-aquaristics ngenxa yeziphumo zayo ezimandundu kunye nokuphindaphindeka kwayo, ngakumbi kwii-aquariums ezisaqalayo. Ibandakanya i ukugcwala okungaqhelekanga kolwelo kwindawo yesisu kunye nezicubu zentlanzi, ezibangela ukuxinana okubonakalayo kunye nenkqubela phambili ikakhulu kwisisu.

Oku kufumba kolwelo kudla ngokuba sisiphumo a ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yamalungu angaphakathi (izintso, isibindi, okanye amathumbu) alahlekelwa amandla okulawula uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic kunye nokucoca ngokufanelekileyo i-toxins. Ngamanye amaxesha ulwelo lunokuba ne-greenish okanye i-pinkish hues kwaye ilayishwe nge-lymphocytes, ebonisa ukuguqulwa kwe-immunological isilwanyana esijongene nayo.

I-Dropsy inokuba ngenxa usulelo lwebhaktiriya (umzekelo, i-Aeromonas punctata okanye i-Aeromonas hydrophila), ukosulelwa ziintsholongwane okanye izifunxi-gazi zangaphakathi, okanye nakwizizathu ezingosuleliyo ezifana nokusilela kwezintso, ukuvaleka kwamathumbu, ukungondleki ngokwaneleyo okanye umgangatho wamanzi ophantsi (i-ammonia engaphezulu, i-nitrites, okanye i-nitrate). Isiphumo sokugqibela sihlala sisonakala se-homeostasis kunye nokuvuvukala kwangaphakathi okuchaphazela izitho ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo.

I-Dropsy ayisosifo esinye, kodwa a isifo ezinemvelaphi ezahlukeneyo, nangona ikholisa ukunxulunyaniswa nenkqubo eyosulelayo ehambele phambili. Ngoko ke, ukubonakala kwesisu esidumbileyo kufuneka kuhlale kuthathwa njengophawu lwe-alamu kwaye lufuna ukungenelela ngokukhawuleza.

Unyango kunye nokuthintela i-dropsy kwiintlanzi

Indlela yokuchonga i-dropsy kwiintlanzi: iimpawu kunye neempawu

Ukuthelekiswa kweentlanzi eziqhelekileyo kunye neentlanzi ezine-dropsy

Ukuqaphela i-dropsy kwiintlanzi kubalulekile ukuzama ukuchacha. Le syndrome yenza a ukuqhubeka kweempawu eyenza kube lula ukuchonga ukuba ujongisisa:

  • Kuphawulwe ukudumba kwesisu: olona phawu lubalulekileyo. Isisu sikhula ngokungafaniyo nobukhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukudumba kwenzeka ngokubanzi kuwo wonke umzimba.
  • Izikali eziphakanyisiweyo okanye ezahlulwe emzimbeni: Ulwelo olugqithisileyo lwahlula izikali, lubanika inkangeleko efana ne "prickly" okanye ipine cone.
  • Amehlo adumbileyo (exophthalmia): Amehlo abonakala edumbile kwaye adumbile ukusuka kwiziseko zawo, ngakumbi kumanqanaba aphambili.
  • Ubumnyama bombala oqhelekileyo weentlanzi, Ehamba kunye iigill eziluhlaza.
  • Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya y ubunzima bokukhupha (ixesha elide, ilindle lemifinya okanye elimhlophe lingabonwa).
  • Iintshukumo ezigwenxa okanye ubunzima bokugcina i-buoyancy: qubha ujonge phantsi, emacaleni, okanye kufutshane nomphezulu.
  • Ubomvu kwisiseko sephiko okanye iindawo ezimpundu.
  • Ubukho be-white viscous flocs kwi-anus kunye nokutshintsha kwebala lolusu.

Xa ukwahlukana kwezikali kunzima kwaye ukulahleka kwe-buoyancy kugqityiwe, isifo sihlala sihamba phambili kakhulu, kwaye i-prognosis iyingozi. Kwezi meko, umonakalo kwizitho zangaphakathi (izintso, amathumbu, isibindi) ayinakuguqulwa, kwaye intlanzi ayinakukwazi ukubuyisela.

Izizathu kunye nemingcipheko ye-dropsy

I-ruffled scales ngenxa ye-dropsy kwiintlanzi

Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zedropsy kwiintlanzi zininzi kwaye zinokudibanisa ukuqalisa isifo:

  • Usulelo lweBacteria: iibhaktheriya zohlobo IiAeromonas (njengoko UAeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas punctata) kunye Pseudomonas banoxanduva kwiimeko ezininzi. Eli qela lebhaktiriya liyakhula xa umgangatho wamanzi uphantsi kwaye nenkqubo yokukhusela intlanzi iyancipha. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, jonga inqaku lethu Iibhaktheriya zeAeromonas kwii-aquariums.
  • Izidleleleli zangaphakathi: izifunxi-gazi ezifana Lernaea cyprinacea, I-Oodinium, Argulus kunye ne-flagellates yamathumbu (Hexamita) kunokubangela ukuvuvukala kunye nokungaphumeleli kwamalungu, kubangele i-dropsy.
  • Virus: Nangona kunqabile, ezinye iintsholongwane ziye zadityaniswa ne-dropsy.
  • Isondlo esibi: : Ukusebenzisa ukutya okomileyo okungaxutywanga, ukutya okuphantsi, okanye ukutya okungenakulungelelaniswa kwandisa umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka kwamathumbu, ukuxinwa, kunye nokulimala kwamalungu.
  • Umgangatho ophantsi wamanzi: Amanqanaba aphezulu e-ammonia, i-nitrites, i-nitrate, i-organic matter enyibilikayo okanye amanzi amileyo akhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwe-pathogens kunye noxinzelelo kwiintlanzi.
  • Uxinzelelo: ukuxinana, utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lokushisa okanye i-pH, ubukho de peces Isimilo esindlongo-ndlongo kunye nokulawula ngokugqithiseleyo kwenza buthathaka inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Izinto ezinjengokucoca ngokungafanelekanga kwe-aquarium, ukuxinana okugqithisileyo de peces, ukungabikho kokuvalelwa kweentlanzi ezintsha kunye nokungabikho kokubeka iliso ngamaxesha athile kwiiparamitha zamanzi zizinto ezimisela izinto i-drosy ibonakalaUkujongana nayo yonke le miba kubalulekile ekukhuseleni impilo yabemi be-aquarium yakho.

Iintlobo de peces kuchaphazeleka ngakumbi

isisu esidumbileyo ngenxa yethontsi lentlanzi

I-Dropsy inokuchaphazela naluphi na uhlobo lweentlanzi, nangona izehlo zayo ziphezulu kwiintlobo zamanzi acwengekileyo, ngakumbi kwii-aquariums zasekhaya. Phakathi kwabona basemngciphekweni zezi:

  • Iimpawu: Guppies (I-Poecilia reticulata), iMollynesias, iiPlaties kunye nezinye iipoecilids zihlala zichaphazeleka.
  • IicichlidsIicichlids ezininzi, e-Afrika kunye naseMzantsi Melika, zinokugula phantsi kweemeko ezixinzelelekileyo kunye nomgangatho ophantsi wamanzi.
  • Goldfish kunye neentlobo zazo: ICarassius auratus (kubandakanywa i-Oranda, iNgonyama yeNgonyama, ikomityi ebomvu, iBubbles, iTelescopic).
  • Kois kunye ne-carp: Cyprinus carpio kunye neentlobo zayo zokuhombisa.
  • UBetta uyaqaqamba (intlanzi ye-betta) kunye ne-labyrinth fish: Trichogaster trichopterus, Colisa lalia, Helostoma temmincki, Macropodus concolor.

Isizathu solu thatho kungenxa ye iphysiology enovakalelo kwezi ntlobo, ukuphindaphinda kwabo kwii-aquariums, kuba bahlala bevezwa kwizinto zoxinzelelo okanye iimpazamo zokutya, ezinje nokusetyenziswa kokutya okomileyo okungafakwanga, okuthe kratya ngaphakathi kwentlanzi kwaye kuthintele ukuhamba kwamathumbu, ukukhuthaza ukuvaleka kunye neengxaki ezinje ngedropsy.

Ukunyanga i-dropsy kwiintlanzi: ukwenza ntoni?

La I-Dropsy yimeko enzima kwaye kunzima ukuyinyanga, ngakumbi kwizigaba zayo eziphambili. Ukubuyiselwa kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwindlela intlanzi echaphazelekayo efunyenwe ngayo ngokukhawuleza kwaye yodwa. Nanga awona manyathelo asebenzayo nangoku okunyanga esi sifo:

  • Ukuvalelwa ngokukhawuleza: Yahlula intlanzi egulayo kwi-aquarium yasesibhedlele okanye isikhongozeli esahlukileyo esineemeko zamanzi ezifanayo. Gwema izincedisi ukuququzelela ukucoca kunye nolawulo lokusingqongileyo.
  • Ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi: Yenza iinguqu zamanzi zansuku zonke (10-25%), imilinganiselo kunye nokuzinzisa iiparitha (i-ammonia, i-nitrites, i-nitrate, i-pH kunye nobushushu) kwaye yandisa kancane i-oksijini echithwe usebenzisa i-aeration.
  • Unyango lwetyuwaYongeza itispuni enye yetyuwa engena-iodized kwiilitha ezi-4 zamanzi (lungisa ithamo ngokohlobo). Ityuwa inceda ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwaye ikhuthaza i-osmoregulation.
  • Ukuzila ukutya kunye nokutya okufanelekileyo: Esi sisicwangciso esisisiseko, ngakumbi ukuba kukho izifo zokugaya ukutya. Khawuleza intlanzi ngeentsuku ezi-2-3, emva koko uyondle kuphela ukutya okuthambileyo, okulula ukugaywa, okufana nee-ertyisi ezibilisiweyo kunye nezihlutshiweyo, kwaye ukhawuleze kwakhona. Oku kunceda ukulawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu kwaye kuthintele ezinye iingxaki.
  • I-antibiotics ebanzi kunye ne-anti-inflammatoriesUnyango lunokwenziwa nge-antibiotics emanzini (i-Metronidazole: i-250 mg nganye kwiilitha ezingama-25-30) kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kunye ne-prednisone (5 mg ngeelitha ezi-5) okanye ezinye iziyobisi ezichasayo ezicetyiswa ngugqirha wezilwanyana. Hlala ulandela imiyalelo yomenzi kwaye ungaxubi unyango ngaphandle kweengcebiso zengcali.
  • Amanye amayeza: Ukuba ucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho wezilwanyana, amayeza afana ne-nifurpirinol okanye amayeza athile e-aquarium dropsy anokusetyenziswa, asoloko ephantsi kweliso lococeko.
  • Ulawulo lobushushu: Gcina ubushushu buzinzile ngokweentlobo (26-28 ° C kwiintlobo ezininzi zetropikhi); luphephe utshintsho olukhawulezileyo.

Emva konyango, ukuba uye wasebenzisa i-prednisone okanye ezinye iziyobisi ezinamandla, yenza utshintsho lwamanzi lwemihla ngemihla (ubuncinci iintsuku ezili-10) ngaphambi kokuba ubuyisele intlanzi kwindawo yokuhlala emanzini. Oku kuthintela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ukuphinda umva. Khumbula ukuba I-Dropsy ayidli ngokusulela phakathi kweentlanzi zabantu abadala abasempilweni, kodwa ukuhlukaniswa kuvumela ukubeka iliso olungcono kwisilwanyana esiphathwayo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphefumla okanye iingxaki ezithathelwanayo.

Kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba ukuba i-dropsy iphezulu kakhulu kwaye kukho izilonda ezingenakuguqulwa kwizitho zangaphakathi, i-prognosis igcinwe. Kwezi meko, iinzame kufuneka zihlale zenziwe ukunciphisa ukubandezeleka kwesilwanyana.

Uthintelo: Izitshixo zokuthintela ukuvuza kwentlanzi

Ukuthintela i-dropsy kwiintlanzi, ngokude, kulula kakhulu kwaye kuphumelele ngakumbi kunokuzama ukunyanga. Ezi ngcebiso zibalulekile ekugcineni i-aquarium yakho ingenasifo kunye nokuqinisekisa intlalontle yabo bonke abemi bayo:

  • Gcina i-aquarium icocekile kwaye izinzile: Yenza utshintsho oluqhelekileyo lwamanzi (10-20% ngeveki), izihlungi ezicocekileyo kunye nokususa inkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo.
  • Lawula ukuxinana kwabantu: kuphephe ukuxinana kwaye unike intlanzi nganye indawo eyaneleyo.
  • Ukutya okusemgangathweni: inikezela ngokutya okusemgangathweni okuphezulu, okutyebileyo kwezondlo kwaye rhoqo ifakwe ngaphambili xa unika ukutya okomileyo okanye okune-flake.
  • Ukubeka iliso kwiiparamitha zamanzi: Ukulinganisa i-ammonia, i-nitrites, i-nitrate, i-pH kunye nobushushu rhoqo, kusetyenziswa izixhobo zovavanyo ezithembekileyo kunye neethemometha.
  • Yenza i-quarantine kwiintlanzi ezintsha ngaphambi kokuba zongeze kwi-aquarium yoluntu.
  • Thintela uxinzelelo: Icutha utshintsho olukhawulezileyo, ukuphatha ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokuhlalisana neentlobo ezingahambelaniyo okanye ezinobundlobongela.
  • ukubonisana nogqirha wezilwanyana ukuba ubona iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga okanye awukwazi ukulawula isifo.

Ukulandela ezi zikhokelo kuya komeleza amajoni akho omzimba kwintlanzi kwaye kunciphise kakhulu ukuqala kwe-dropsy kunye nezinye izifo. Ukukhathalela indawo yeentlanzi zakho kunye nokutya yeyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa impilo yabo yexesha elide.

Ukwazi izizathu, iimpawu, kunye nezicwangciso zokukhusela kwandisa amathuba okubuyisela intlanzi ngempumelelo kwaye iqinisekisa i-aquariums enempilo kunye nokulinganisela. Isenzo sakwangoko kunye nokugcinwa okucokisekileyo kwenza umahluko kubomi beentlanzi ezifuywayo, kukuvumela ukuba ukonwabele amandla azo ixesha elide.

Inqaku eliyeleleneyo:
I-Aeromonas kwiintlanzi: Iimpawu, Unyango kunye noThintelo kwii-Aquariums

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