Kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka adluleyo, ulwandle luye lwabona iimeko eziye zadida oomatiloshe nezazinzulu. Kwiikona ezininzi zeplanethi, amaqela e-orcas asendle avele ngokungalindelekanga phambi kwabantu ukuba bashiye amaxhoba okanye izinto ezikufutshane nabo., ngokungathi zikhangela uhlobo lonxibelelwano olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili phakathi kwezilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo.
Olu landelelwano lweziqendu aluyontelekelelo nje. Uphononongo lwakutsha nje, olupapashwe kwi Ijenali ye-Psychology yoThelekiso, uqokelele amatyala angama-34 apho i-orcas inikezela ngamaxhoba kunye nezinye izinto kubantu phakathi kwe-2004 kunye ne-2024Le meko isuka eCanada naseNorway ukuya eNew Zealand naseArgentina, kwaye iye yahlalutywa ngamaqela amaninzi ophando kumazwe ngamazwe.
Imeko yehlabathi: i-orcas ihambisa "izipho" ebantwini
Ipateni ebhaliweyo iyamangalisa njengoko ingaqhelekanga. Ii<em>Orcas zesini esahlukileyo neminyaka eyahlukahlukeneyo isondela ebantwini—ezikhepheni, ngoxa intywila, okanye kwanaselunxwemeni—ibeke ixhoba okanye izinto ezifileyo, ihlale emva koko ukuze ijonge indlela esabela ngayo..
Lilonke, iindibano zirekhodwe kwiilwandle ezine kunye nabantu abathandathu abahlukeneyo be-orca. Phakathi kwezinto ezinikezelwayo kukhode peces kunye nezilwanyana zaselwandle ezincancisayo kwiintaka, izilwanyana ezingenamqolo, ezirhubuluzayo kunye ne-algae. Kuyabonakala ukuba, "isipho" asikho into eyenzekayo: kwi-97% yeziganeko, i-orcas yahlala iqwalasela impendulo yomntu, ibuyisela okanye ilahle into ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenzisaneni..
Iimeko eziphawulekayo ziquka abantu abafana no-Akela kunye noQuiver eCanada, abafake iintaka kufuphi nomphandi; UFunky Monkey, umfana oselula eNew Zealand, owanikezela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-stingray; kunye ne orca yaseNorway eyaya kumntywizi onejelifish. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zibonisa indlela yokuziphatha exhaphakileyo endaweni yokuba ibenye kwindawo ethile okanye kwindawo ethile.
Ukucingela abanye abantu, ukuthanda ukwazi okanye ukudlala?
Yintoni ekhuthaza ezi orcas ukuba sabelane nathi? Ukwabelana ngamaxhoba phakathi kwamalungu eqela kuqhelekile kubomi bentlalo yala ma-cetaceans. Nangona kunjalo, ukwabelana ngayo nabantu kunqabile kakhulu., ukusa kwinqanaba lokuvula ingxoxo yenzululwazi ngeenjongo zayo.
Abaphandi baqwalasela iinkcazo ezininzi:
- Iindleko eziphantsi kunye nokungabikho kokhuphiswano: Kuba zombini ezi ntlobo zizilwanyana ezizingelayo, ukwabelana ngamaxhoba kunye nabantu akubeki mngcipheko ubalulekileyo okanye ilahleko kwi-orca.
- umdla kunye nokulingaI-Orcas zizilwanyana ezikrelekrele kakhulu kwaye zinokujonga indlela abantu abasabela ngayo, ngakumbi xa kufikwa kwizinto ezingaqhelekanga.
- Umdlalo wentlalo kunye nokufundaPhantse intsebenziswano emine kwabalishumi yayinecandelo lokudlala, njengokubamba ngokuphindaphindiweyo nokukhulula amaxhoba, mhlawumbi njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokufunda malunga nezinye izinto eziphilayo.
- Isithethe senkcubekoKwezinye iindawo, esi senzo sinokuba sisenzo esitsha kwinkcubeko yamaqela athile e-orcas.
Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kukuba kaninzi abaphindi nje isenzo, kodwa baphinde balungelelanise ukuziphatha kwabo ngokwempendulo yomntu, ebonisa injongo yokunxibelelana okanye ubuncinane yokuhlola.
Iimpembelelo zenzululwazi: Ngaba banokuba nethiyori yengqondo?
Inokwenzeka ukuba i-orcas ibonisa uhlobo oluthile i-altruism jikelele Ngomnye nje wemibuzo esetafileni. Izifundo zangaphambili zibhale indlela yokuziphatha efanayo kwiiprimates, iindlovu, kunye nezinye iicetaceans, kodwa Kwimeko yezi ndibano, ukungabikho kwenzuzo ekhawulezileyo okanye ukuphindaphindana kugqame..
Ezinye iingcali, ezinjengomphandi uLori Morino, zicebisa ukuba Ezi zimbo zomzimba zinokubonisa ukuqonda ukuba abantu baneenjongo neemvakalelo ezahlukileyo kwezakhe., into eyaziwa kwisayensi ngokuthi "ingcamango yengqondo." Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, olu phawu lokuqonda lubalelwe kuphela kwiintlobo ezimbalwa.
Enye ingongoma ephambili bubuchule obubonakalayo benkcubeko ye-orcas: bahlala kumaqela eentsapho ezisondeleleneyo kwaye banokudlulisela ulwazi, imikhwa, kunye neendlela zokuzingela phakathi kwezizukulwana, eziququzelela ukuvela kwezithethe ezintsha.
Ngaba ikhonkco elikhulayo phakathi kwabantu kunye ne-cetaceans?
Akufanele ilibaleke ukuba, nangona ezi ziqendu zinokubonakala zithandeka, ii-orcas zisezizilwanyana zasendle. Abaphandi bagxininisa ukuba olu hlobo lwentsebenziswano akufanele lukhuthazwe okanye lukhangelwe ngokunyanisekileyo.Nangona kungekho ziganeko ezibulalayo ezaziwayo endle, ukuziphatha ndlongondlongo ekuthinjweni kunye neemeko ezinobungozi ezibandakanya izikhephe zenzeke.
Ukuvela kwezi ziphatho zinqabileyo kodwa ezibhalwe ngokwandayo zikhuthaza ukucinga ngeenguqu ezinokwenzeka kubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu kunye neecetaceans ezinkulu, ngakumbi kwihlabathi apho ubukho bomntu elwandle bukhula unyaka nonyaka.
Ukubhalwa nokuhlalutya nganye yezi ziganeko kunokukhanyisa kwindaleko yobukrelekrele bezilwanyana kunye nokukwazi ukuseka iibhulorho zonxibelelwano phakathi kwezidalwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku zisuswe ngokwemigaqo yendaleko.
Inzululwazi isenemibuzo emininzi evulelekileyo, kodwa into entsha efunyenweyo kulo mmandla isimema ukuba siphinde sicinge ukuba sazi kangakanani (okanye esingawaziyo) malunga nendalo. I-Orcas, kunye nezenzo zabo ezingaqhelekanga kunye nobuchopho obukhulu bentlalontle, iqinisekisa ukuba umda phakathi kweentlobo zezilwanyana unokuthi ufikeleleke ngakumbi kunokuba besikrokrela.