Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, oononkala abahlaselayo ibe yingxaki yokwenene kwindalo yasemanzini yaseSpain. Ubukho bazo bubangela ukuguqulwa kwendawo yokuhlala kwaye kuchaphazela iintlobo zendalo.; Ngaphezu koko, uluntu lwenzululwazi luyaqhubeka lulumkisa malunga noonobangela abatsha bokukhathazeka okunxulumene nongcoliseko kunye notshintsho olubangelwa zezi zilwanyana.
Uphando lwakutsha nje lugxile kwindlela i ungcoliseko microplastic kunye nokwandiswa kweentlobo ezihlaselayo, ezifana unonkala obomvu wokuqubha (Cronius ruber) kunye Intlanzi yaseTshayina (Eriocheir sinensis), intertwine ukwenza mandundu impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, ngakumbi kwiiCanary Islands nakwimilambo yepeninsula kunye nemigxobhozo.
Ubukho be-microplastics kwi-invasive Canary crab
Uphononongo lobuvulindlela olwenziwa liqela le-Ecophysiology of Marine Organisms (EOMAR) kwiYunivesithi yaseLas Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) kubhalwe okokuqala ubukho be-microplastics kwirubha yeCronius crab, uhlobo oluhlaselayo olufunyenwe kwiilwandle ezahlukeneyo eGran Canaria.
Uhlalutyo lubandakanya Imizekelo engama-63 eqokelelwe kumanqaku amane kwesi siqithi: Las Nieves Beach (Agaete), La Laja (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria), El Puertillo (Arucas) kunye neAnfi del Mar (Mogán). Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha soononkala babethwele amasuntswana angcolileyo kwinkqubo yabo yokwetyisa, ubukhulu becala imicu yelaphu ye rayon, polypropylene, acrylic, nayiloni kunye polyester, izinto ezidla ngokuphuma ekuhlambeni iimpahla.
Iipesenti ezingamashumi amahlanu anesibini zeesampulu zichongiwe njengee-microplastics ezilinganisa phakathi kwe-52 kunye ne-0,5 millimeters ubude, kunye nomyinge ophakathi kwe-0,7 kunye ne-1 yamasuntswana kwisilwanyana ngasinye. Uphononongo nalo lwabonisa ukuba I-89% yale nkunkuma yayizintsinga, ubukhulu becala ezibhlowu nezimnyama..
Inkunkuma yasekhaya kunye neziphumo zayo kwizilwanyana zaselwandle ezihlaselayo
La Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukusondela kumanzi amdaka, ngakumbi amanzi amdaka asekhaya, kudityaniswa nobukho be-microplastics kwi-crabs Cronius ruber.Iilwandle ezikufutshane neendawo zokulahla ngokungekho mthethweni, ezifana ne-Anfi del Mar kunye ne-El Puertillo, zibonise amazinga aphezulu okungcoliseka kwe-microplastic phakathi kweesampuli ezihlalutyiweyo.
Las IMicroplastics inokucoca ungcoliseko oluyingozi kwaye idlulisele kwiwebhu yokutya, ayichaphazeli kuphela i iicrustaceans ezihlaselayo, kodwa nakuzo zonke izilwanyana zaselwandle kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ebantwini.
Iqela lezenzululwazi ligxininisa ukuba liyafuneka zijule kwizifundo ukuqonda iziphumo zexesha elide ukusuka ekuchanabekeni kwii-microplastics kwiintlobo ezifana ne-Cronius ruber kunye nempilo ye-ecosystem echaphazelekayo yonxweme.
Unonkala waseTshayina kunye nomngcipheko wawo kwimilambo yaseSpain
Okwangoku, kwi-peninsula. Eriocheir sinensis, yaziwa njenge IsiTshayina okanye i-mitten crab, iyaqhubeka nokwandisa nokudala imingeni ebalulekileyo kulawulo lokusingqongileyo. Lo ononkala, ochazwa njengezilwanyana ezihlaselayo amashumi eminyaka, uqhelana neemeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye uzinze kwiindawo ezinemifanekiso efana nomlomo woMlambo iGuadalquivir kunye nechweba laseAlbufera de Valencia.
Ngemikhwa eyingozi, Batshintshana phakathi kwamanzi amatsha kunye netyuwa ukuze bagqibezele umjikelo wabo wobomi., ethanda ukusasazeka kwabo. Amadoda nabafazi abadala bemba kwiibhanki, bebangela ukhukuliseko nokutshatyalaliswa kweziseko ezingundoqo zomlamboUkhuphiswano kunye neentlobo zendalo kunye nokuguqulwa kwamatyathanga okutya kuyenza ibe mandundu le meko.
Kwezinye iindawo, kuye kwachazwa iingxaki ezifana Ukuvaleka kwemibhobho, umonakalo kwizibonelelo zeaquaculture, kunye nokwenzakala kushishino lokuloba lwengingqiImpembelelo yezoqoqosho yaba oononkala iyanda njengoko inani labo likhula.
Ukulawula nokubeka iliso kweentlobo ezihlaselayo eSpain
Ulawulo kunye namaqela ophando aphumeza amanyathelo athile okuthintela ukusasazekaE-Andalusia, umzekelo, izixhobo zokubamba ezikhethiweyo zisetyenziselwa ngexesha lokufuduka, kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokubamba abantu abadala ngaphambi kokuba bavelise emanzini avulekileyo.
Phakathi kuka-2001 no-2008, phantse i-XNUMX yeentlanzi zabanjwa. iikopi eziliwaka kwiPort of Seville, ebonisa umgudu wokulawula abemi bayo. Ukongeza, kukho Izithintelo zokukhutshwa kwamanzi e-ballast kunye namaphulo okwazisa kujoliswe kwicandelo lokuloba kunye neleaquaculture. Imimandla emininzi, efana neLizwe laseBasque, igcina iliso kunye neenkqubo zokuqulatha ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwazo.
Impembelelo yexesha elizayo yoononkala abahlaselayo
Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba Irabha yeCronius ingaba I-Bioindicator yokuvavanya ungcoliseko lwe-microplastic kwimpuma yeAtlantiki. Kwelinye icala, ukufundwa kwe Unonkala waseTshayina ihlala ibalulekile ekuqondeni ifuthe layo kwi-ikholoji kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zolawulo lwayo.
Kubalulekile ukwamkela izisombululo ezintsha nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe ukukhusela i-ecosystems yasemanzini, ukunciphisa umonakalo kwiintlobo zendalo, kunye nokugcina izinto ezenziwa ngabantu ezinxulumene nezi ndawo zendalo.