Xa uqala ukuyijonga, intlanzi isenokubonakala ngathi zizilwanyana ezikhathalelwayo nokugcinwa kwazo akudli ngokuba yindinisa. Ngandlel’ ithile, oku kuyinyaniso; nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sikhumbule uthotho lwezikhokelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuba sifuna i-aquarium yethu ibe yeyona ndawo ifanelekileyo kubo. Esinye sezi zikhokelo zibalulekileyo asikho esinye ngaphandle kwe lobushushukuba uninzi lwempilo kunye nokuziphatha kwe intlanzi yetropiki ngamanzi amatsha.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo okanye iintlobo zeentlanzi esinazo, i iimeko eziyimfuneko ze-thermal Izinto ezibavumela ukuba baphile ubomi kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo zahluke kakhulu. Umba ophambili osebenza njengejaji, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, yi indawo yokuhlala imvelaphiImilambo yaseTropiki, amachibi ashushu, iindawo zeentaba, njl. Iqondo lobushushu alifani kwiintlanzi zemvelaphi yetropikhi njengeentlanzi zamanzi abandayo.Ukuqonda lo mahluko kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuseta nayiphi na i-aquarium.
Kule nqaku siza kugxila ngokukodwa kwiimeko zeqondo lokushisa ezithandwa kakhulu intlanzi yetropiki yasemanziniSiza kuchaza uluhlu olucetyiswayo, sibone indlela eyichaphazela ngayo imetabolism yentlanzi, indlela yokulinganisa kunye nokugcina ubushushu obuzinzile, yintoni onokuyenza xa inyuka okanye iwa kakhulu, kwaye ekugqibeleni, zeziphi iintlobo ezifanelekileyo kwi-aquarium yasekhaya yasetropiki.
Leliphi iqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo kwintlanzi yetropiki?
Ndiyabulela kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemibala, iimilo ezimangalisayo, kunye nenkangeleko eyohlukeneyo ngokubanzi, iintlanzi zetropikhi zezona ntlobo zininzi zeentlanzi ii-aquariums kunye namachibi kulo lonke ihlabathi. Zidla ngokuba ziintlobo ezinemibala kakhulu kwaye ezisebenzayo ezinokuthi, ukuba zikhathalelwe, zinokuphila iminyaka. Ayizozilwanyana ezifuna ukhathalelo olunzima kakhulu, kodwa zigcine kubushushu obufanelekileyo Ewe, kuthatha ukubaluleka okukhulu.
Kwimekobume yazo yendalo, iintlanzi zasetropiki zihlala emilanjeni nasemachibini apho Ubushushu bamanzi buzinzile Kuyo yonke imini kunye nonyaka, kunye nokwahluka okuncinci. Oku kuzinza kwe-thermal yinto ekufuneka sizame ukuyiphindaphinda kwi-aquarium. Intlanzi yaseTropiki ayifuni kuphela amanzi afudumeleyo, ifuna kwakhona loo nto luphephe utshintsho olukhawulezileyo oko kunokubangela uxinezeleko, ukugula, okanye kwanokufa.
Ezi zilwanyana ziyakwazi ukusebenza ngokulula kwindalo kunye neqondo lobushushu isusela kuma-21 ukuya kuma-29 degrees CelsiusElona qondo lobushushu lixhaphakileyo kwii-aquariums zoluntu lijikeleze I-25 isidanga esiphakathiAbalandeli abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukuhamba phakathi koluhlu oluthile kunenzuzo. 24 ukuya ku-26 ºC Inika ibhalansi egqwesileyo phakathi kwentuthuzelo, impilo, kunye nokuhambelana kwe-interspecies.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho abaxhasi abaphikisayo ukuba eyona nto ingcono kukuba amanzi ahlale esondele I-27 isidanga esiphakathiNgokukodwa kwii-aquariums ezineentlobo ezishushu kakhulu okanye iintlanzi ezisuka kumanzi ashushu. Ehlabathini leentlanzi, njengakweminye imiba yobomi, kwenzeka into efanayo: Yonke i-aquarist inoluhlu oluthandayo kwaye ihlengahlengisa kancinane iqondo lobushushu ngokwamava ayo, isoloko ihleli ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo yohlobo olugcinayo.
Omnye wesalamane sakhe esisondeleyo kakhulu, u intlanzi ye-cichlidBakhetha ubushushu bamanzi ukuba bubephezulu kancinci: ngeenxa zonke I-28 isidanga esiphakathiOku kungenxa yokuba uninzi lwezi ntlobo zezityalo zizalelwa kuzo aguas caliente njengalawo aseAmazon okanye amachibi aseAfrika anemozulu ezinzileyo. Kwezi ndawo, inqanaba lamanzi lihlala lihlala lingaguquguquki unyaka wonke, yiyo loo nto i-cichlids ikhula kakuhle kwiimeko ezinjalo. iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu.
Le meko ihluke kabukhali kuleyo yabanye abadlali abaphambili kwishishini le-aquarium: intlanzi ebizwa ngokuba yi "Goldfish" kwaye, ngokubanzi, iintlanzi zamanzi abandayo. I-Goldfish ikhetha iindawo zasemanzini ezinobushushu obuzinzile phakathi kwayo I-15 kunye ne-20 degrees centigradeNangona ziyakwazi ukunyamezela uluhlu oluthile olubanzi. Ngelixa intlanzi yetropikhi iba noxinzelelo olungaphantsi kwe-22°C, i-goldfish ikholisa ukungakhululeki xa igcinwe ngokusisigxina ngaphezulu kwe-24°C. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga neentlobo zamanzi abandayo, bona iintlanzi zamanzi abandayo.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba, ukuba amanzi ahlala kuwo iintlanzi zethu icocekileoksijini kunye ne ukondla Amanzi esiwabonelelayo anele; iintlanzi ezininzi ezikweleenjiko ziyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa namaqondo obushushu asezantsi kancinane okanye aphezulu ixeshana elifutshane. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba kufuneka sityhale isilwanyana ukuya kumda wokunyamezela kwaso: ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka sihlale sigcinwe kwi- uluhlu olufanelekileyo yeentlobo zayo kwaye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ziphephe utshintsho ngesiquphe degrees eziliqela kwiiyure ezimbalwa.
Umgangatho wobushushu ofanelekileyo ngokohlobo lweentlanzi ezitshisayo
Uhlobo ngalunye lwentlanzi yetropikhi ine uluhlu lobushushu obukhethiweyoUkuqonda ezi yantlukwano kubalulekile ukuba uya kuseka a i-aquarium yoluntuKuba bonke abahlali kuya kufuneka babelane ngobushushu obufanayo ngaphandle kweengxaki zempilo, ezinye iindidi eziqhelekileyo zamaqela zichazwe ngezantsi. de peces Zixhaphake kakhulu iintlanzi zamanzi acwengileyo etropikhi:
Iintlanzi eziqhelekileyo zasekuhlaleni (iiguppies, iiplati, iimollies, iitetras eziqhelekileyo, iibarbs ezincinci, njl. njl.) zihlala zikhululekile phakathi 24 kunye nama-27 ºCOlu luhlu lubavumela ukuba badade ngamandla, batye kakuhle, kwaye babe ne-immune system enamandla. Uninzi lwee-aquariums zasekhaya zizinzile kuloluhlu. 25 ºC njengendawo esebenzayo ephakathi.
Los discus fish kunye nezinye cichlids South American kumanzi ashushu kakhulu, ezifana Icwecwe likaHeckelBafuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu, behamba kakuhle phakathi kwe 26 kunye ne-30 ºCEzi ntlanzi zithande ukuba buthathaka kwaye uvakalelo kulo naluphi na utshintsho lobushushuNgoko ke, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ube nenkqubo yokufudumala ethembekileyo kakhulu kunye ne-thermometer echanekileyo.
Los itetras Abancinci (njenge-neon tetra okanye i-neon yaseTshayina) baziva belungile kumaqondo obushushu I-24-26 ºCUkuba igcinwe kwi-aquarium yasekuhlaleni, kulula ukuziqhelanisa ne-25°C ephakathi, edla ngokusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kuninzi lwazo kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi ezabelana nge-aquarium.
Kwimeko intlanzi yekati kunye nezinye iintlobo ezihlala ezantsi ezifana yeyokuUninzi luziqhelanisa kakuhle namaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe 23 kunye ne 26°C, ngaphandle kokuba amanzi aneoksijini eyaneleyo kwaye ekumgangatho ophezulu ngokubanzi. Olu hlobo de peces Bayalixabisa iqondo lobushushu elizinzileyo, njengoko utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lubachaphazela ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba bavakalelwa ngakumbi kwiiyantlukwano kumaleko wamanzi kufuphi ne-substrate.
Las i-shrimp yamanzi tropical (njengeentlobo ezininzi ze NeocaridinaKwakhona zifuna ukuba ubushushu bungaguquguquki ngesiquphe. Ngokuqhelekileyo bakhululekile phakathi 22 kunye nama-26 ºCKe ngoko, kwii-aquariums ezixubeneyo kunye neentlanzi ezitshatyalaliswayo, okona kulungileyo kukulungelelanisa iqondo lobushushu ukufumana indawo ephakathi efanelekileyo kubo bonke abahlali.
Ukuba iintlobo ezininzi zihlala kunye kwi-aquarium yakho, kubalulekile ukukhetha iqondo lokushisa bonke bahlala kuluhlu lwabo olukhuselekileyoUkuba uyathandabuza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge iphepha lolwazi lohlobo ngalunye okanye udibane neengcali, ngakumbi xa udibanisa iintlanzi eziethe-ethe (ezifana ne-discus) kunye neentlobo ezixhathisayo.
Kutheni le nto kubaluleke kangaka ukulawula ubushushu be-aquarium?
La ubushushu be-aquarium Yenye yezona parameters zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzibeke iliso rhoqo. Iintlanzi zizidalwa iipoikilothermsOku kuthetha ukuba abalawuli ubushushu babo bangaphakathi kwaye baxhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kubushushu bamanzi ukugcina imisebenzi yabo ye-metabolic. Ukuba amanzi abanda kakhulu okanye ashushu kakhulu, i-metabolism yentlanzi iphazamiseka.
Xa iqondo lobushushu ligcinwa phakathi koluhlu olufanelekileyo, iintlanzi zasetropiki ziqhele ukwenza imisebenzi efana nale qubha, tyisa, ukuzalela kwaye bazikhusele kwizifoNangona kunjalo, xa ihlala ngaphandle kolu luhlu ixesha elide, iingxaki ezinje [engacacanga - mhlawumbi "] zinokwenzeka" ukukhula okungafanelekangaiingxaki zokuphefumla, uxinzelelo olungapheliyo, kwanokufa.
Kukwabalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ayililo inani lobushushu kuphela elibalulekileyo, kodwa nalo uzinzoUkuhla ngesiquphe kobushushu be-aquarium kunokuyonakalisa amajoni omzimba yentlanzi kwaye yandisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo. Ngokufanayo, ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela a ukwanda okungalawulwayo kumsebenzi we-metabolic kunye nomothuko wokuphefumla, kuba kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu amanzi anyibilikisa ioksijini encinci.
Ii-aquarium ezincinci zinovelwano ngakumbi kutshintsho: igumbi lokufudumala, ifestile enelanga elithe ngqo, okanye isifudumezi esikufuphi sinokunyusa ngokukhawuleza ubushushu bamanzi. I-aquarium enkulu ithande ukuzinza ngakumbi, kodwa isabalulekile. esweni ubushushu mihla le
Ukongeza, izixhobo zombane ze-aquarium (iipompo, izihluzi, ukukhanya, njl.) zinokuvelisa ubushushu obongezelelweyoOku kuphawuleka ngakumbi kwimozulu eshushu. Konke oku kwenza inkqubo efanelekileyo yokulawula ukushisa iyimfuneko, kunokuthembela kuphela ekuthinteni okanye kwisiseko, i-thermometers engachanekanga.
Izinto ezichaphazela ubushushu be-aquarium yetropiki
Izinto ezininzi zinempembelelo ngokuthe ngqo kwi iqondo lobushushu le aquarium yasetropikiUkuqonda ezi zinto kuya kukunceda uthintele ukuguquguquka okuyingozi kwaye ugcine amanzi kuluhlu olukhuselekileyo lweentlanzi zakho:
- Iintlobo de pecesEzinye iintlobo zifuna ubushushu obuninzi kunezinye. Umzekelo, intlanzi ye-discus ifuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye azinzile, ngelixa ezinye, iintlanzi eziqinileyo zetropikhi zinyamezela ukwahluka okuncinci phakathi koluhlu lwazo ngcono.
- Indawo ye-aquariumUkubeka i-aquarium kufuphi nefestile kunye nelanga elithe ngqo, phezu kwe-radiator, okanye kwigumbi elinokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa ngequbuliso kunokubangela. amahla ndenyuka rhoqoNgokufanelekileyo, kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo yangaphakathi, kude nedrafti kunye nokukhanya kwelanga.
- Ubungakanani be-Aquarium: I ii-aquarium ezincinci Zitshintsha iqondo lobushushu ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunezinkulu kuba umthamo wamanzi umncinci kwaye uyafudumala okanye aphole ngokukhawuleza. I-aquarium enkulu iziphatha njenge i-thermal damper kwaye kulula ukuyigcina izinzile.
- Izixhobo zombaneIimpompo, izihluzi ezinamandla kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, imiboniso yokukhanyisa ephezulu Bayakwazi ukufudumeza amanzi ngokuhamba kwexesha, bephakamisa ubushushu ngaphezu koko kuboniswa sisifudumezi.
- I-Temperatura ambienteUkuba igumbi apho i-aquarium ikhoyo lifumana ubushushu obugqithisileyo ngexesha lasehlotyeni, amanzi aya kuthanda ukufudumala, nokuba isifudumezi sicinyiwe. Kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu, kunokufuneka ukuba kufakwe isifudumezi. abalandeli okanye iicoolers ngokukodwa kwii-aquariums.
Ukubeka esweni le miba kunye nokusebenza ngokukhawuleza kuya kuvumela ubushushu buhlala ngaphakathi koluhlu oluzinzileyo ngomzamo omncinci, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiintlanzi zakho zasemanzini ashushu.
Iingcebiso zokugcina nokulawula ubushushu
Xa kufikwa ekugcineni nokulawula amaqondo obushushu kwii-aquariums zethu kunye neitanki zeentlanzi, okanye kuzo zonke ezo ndawo sizijike zaba yindawo yokuhlala yeentlanzi zethu, zininzi. ubuchuleNganye kuzo ineempawu zayo ezinokuba luncedo ngakumbi okanye ngaphantsi, ngoko ke kufuneka samkele ezo zifanele iimfuno zethu kunye nemeko yekhaya lethu.
Okokuqala, kwaye mhlawumbi eyona ndlela ilula kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu yokulawula ubushushu, kukuba ukusetyenziswa kwethemomethaEzi zixhobo zibonelela ngolwazi olungaguquguqukiyo noluchanekileyo lobushushu bamanzi, nto leyo ebalulekileyo kuba sisoloko sisazi iimeko zobushushu ezikuyo iintlanzi zethu. Ngaphandle kwemilinganiselo ethembekileyo, naluphi na uhlengahlengiso esilwenzayo luya kuba yintelekelelo nje.
Kubalulekile ukuba ungayenzi impazamo ye Jongisa iithemometha kwimithombo yobushushu Kuphephe ukuzibeka elangeni elingqalileyo okanye kufuphi nesibane, njengoko oku kuya kugqwetha kakhulu ukufunda. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka zibekwe kwiglasi kude nemisinga yamanzi ethe ngqo (efana nendawo yokucoca) kunye nemithombo yobushushu yangaphandle ukufumana ummeli wokufunda wobushushu be-aquarium ngokubanzi.
Kwelinye icala, enye indlela edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ubushushu bamanzi IzifudumeziEzi zixhobo zisivumela ukuba sinyuse ubushushu be-aquarium yethu. ukukhupha ubushushu ngendlela elungelelanisiweyoKunokwenzeka ukuseta i-heater kwiqondo elithile lobushushu ukuze livule kwaye licime ngokuzenzekelayo, ukugcina amanzi ngaphakathi kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo.
Amandla okufudumala kufuneka abe ezinxulumene neelitha zamanzi yeaquarium kunye nomahluko phakathi kweqondo lobushushu lendawo kunye neqondo lobushushu ekujoliswe kulo. Ukuba i-heater ebuthathaka kakhulu ifakwe, ayinakukwazi ukugcina ubushushu ngeentsuku ezibandayo; ukuba inamandla kakhulu, nakuphi na ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunokubangela ukunyuka kobushushu obukhawulezayo nobunobungozi.
Esinye isimo sengqondo esingalunganga abantu abaninzi abafuna ukonyusa ubushushu be-aquarium okanye itanki yeentlanzi bahlala besithatha kukuba zibeke ezi zikhongozeli elangenikunye neentlanzi. Oku akusebenzi kwaphela, kuba akusincedi ukuba sigcine uluhlu lobushushu obuzinzileyo kwaye, ngaphezu koko, lunokuba ngumthombo wezinye iingxaki ezininzi ezifana nenkangeleko enkulu i-algae emanzini, ukugqithisa okwethutyana kunye noxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwiintlanzi.
Kukwacetyiswa ukuba uthintele ukubeka i-aquarium kufutshane nezixhobo zokufudumeza, izitovu okanye iindawo zomlilo, njengoko ubushushu ngqo Oku kunokuvelisa amaqondo obushushu ekunzima ukuwalawula. Kukwasebenza okufanayo kumagumbi abandayo kakhulu ebusuku: i-heater iya kufuneka isebenze ixesha elingaphezulu, inyusa umngcipheko wokuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa.
Kwiimozulu ezishushu kakhulu, xa iqondo lobushushu le-ambiente liphezulu kangangokuba nokuba isifudumezi siphuma emanzini sinyuka ngaphezu koluhlu olufanelekileyo, lunokusetyenziswa. abalandeli be-aquarium okanye iicolisi ezincinci. Iifeni zikhuthaza ukuvela kwamanzi, okubangela ukuhla kancinci kobushushu. Sisisombululo esisebenzayo, kodwa siyafuna esweni umgangatho wamanzi kwaye uyibuyisele rhoqo ukuze ungashiyi isihluzi okanye isifudumezi sityhilekile.
Njengesisombululo sexeshana kwiintsuku ezishushu kakhulu, zinokusetyenziswa kwakhona iibhotile okanye iingxowa zomkhenkce Ukudada kwi-aquarium, ihlala itywinwe ngokuqinileyo ukuthintela ukunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo namanzi. Le ndlela kufuneka isetyenziswe ngononophelo, njengoko ukupholisa okugqithisileyo okanye ngokukhawuleza kunokuba yingozi njengobushushu. Umbono kukunciphisa ubushushu ngokuthe ngcembe. icotha kwaye ilawulwaawuzange ube ngamaqondo amaninzi okubetha ngequbuliso.
Iimveliso zentengiso yolawulo lobushushu
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe, kukho imarike uluhlu olubanzi iimveliso Iithermometers, izifudumezi, iifeni, kunye nezikhenkcezisi ezikhethekileyo ziphantse zaba zizixhobo eziyimfuneko zokugcina i-aquarium enamanzi acocekileyo akwimeko entle. Ezi zixhobo zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa, ukulawula, kunye nokuzinzisa ubushushu bamanzi kwii-aquariums nakwiitanki zeentlanzi.
Ukuququzelela ukukhangela, kwaye njengengcebiso jikelele, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge ixabiso lemali yemveliso kunye nohlobo lwe-aquarium esinayo: ubungakanani bayo, uhlobo de pecesUbushushu begumbi, njl.njl. Apha ngezantsi kukho iimveliso eziveziweyo ezisuka kwinqaku lokuqala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.
- I-thermometer yedijithali yeFaburo LCD. Ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwii-aquariums. Inentambo ye-98 cm ende ebonelela ngaphezulu kwesithuba esaneleyo phakathi kweprowuzo yokuntywilisela kunye nescreen sayo seLCD. Igqunywe ngento engavumeli ukufuma ukuba kudibane nezinto zombane. Inebhetri eyi-1.5 V. Ixabiso layo lingaphezulu kokufikelelekayo, kuba lixabisa kuphela 7,09 euro y
- I-Digital Aquarium Thermometer enesiboniso se-LCD Terrarium. Isisiseko ngakumbi kunethemometha yangaphambili yedijithali, kodwa inempawu ezifanayo kakhulu kwaye nexabiso layo ngokucacileyo liphantsi: kuphela 2,52 euro.
- I-BPS (R) I-Summersible Aquarium Heater 200W, 31.5 cm kunye ne-Adhesive Digital Thermometer BPS-6054Esi sixhobo sisidibaniso esifanelekileyo se-heater kunye ne-thermometer. Yenzelwe iiaquariums ezinomthamo phakathi [faka umthamo apha]. 100 kunye neelitha ezingama-200Ineekomityi zokufunxa zokuyincamathelisa kwiindonga ze-aquarium kwaye iyacetyiswa kakhulu, ngakumbi kwiintlanzi zasetropiki. Kukwafanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba, ngokwemvelo, i-submersible. Ukuba unomdla,
Ngaphandle kwale mizekelo ikhethekileyo, kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iithemometha kunye nezifudumezi abavelisi abathembekileyoNgophononongo oluhle oluvela kwabanye abasebenzisi, ithemometha echanekileyo kunye nesifudumezi esisemgangathweni senza wonke umahluko phakathi kwe-aquarium ezinzileyo kunye nendawo apho ubushushu bungumthombo weengxaki rhoqo.
Kwiindawo ezihlala abantu abaninzi okanye ezinexabiso eliphezulu (umzekelo, kunye neentlanzi ezibuthathaka ezifana ne-discus okanye iintlobo ezinqabileyo), abantu abaninzi abanomdla wokuzilibazisa bade bakhethe ukusebenzisa. iithermometers ezimbini ezahlukeneyo okanye iithemometha zedijithali ezinee-alamu, ukuze zikwazi ukusabela ngokukhawuleza nakuphi na ukutenxa kobushushu obuyingozi.
Ulinganisa njani kwaye ujonge ubushushu be-aquarium
Ukuqinisekisa ubomi obonwabisayo nobunempilo kwintlanzi yakho yamanzi acwengekileyo etropikhi, ukufaka nje isifudumezi kunye nokulibala ngaso akwanelanga. Kubalulekile. ukulinganisa kunye nokubeka iliso kwiqondo lokushisa rhoqo, usebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeethemometha ze-aquarium, nganye ineengenelo zayo kunye nokungalunganga.
- Iithermometer zeglasiZichaneke kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa. Zibekwe ngaphakathi kwi-aquarium, zihlala zinekomityi yokufunxa, kwaye zibonise ubushushu bokwenyani bamanzi. Kufuneka ziphathwe ngononophelo, njengoko iglasi inokuphuka, kodwa iyindlela ethembekileyo kakhulu.
- Ithemomitha yokuncamathelisaEzi themometha zincamathela ngaphandle kweglasi yeaquarium. Ziyasebenziseka kwaye zingabizi, nangona ngamanye amaxesha zingachaneka kangako, njengoko zilinganisa ubushushu beglasi kwaye hayi ngokuthe ngqo ubushushu bamanzi. Ziluncedo njengereferensi ekhawulezayo, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba uzithelekise nenye ithermometer yangaphakathi.
- Ithemomitha zedijithaliBane-probe efakwe emanzini kunye nesikrini sangaphandle esibonisa ukufundwa. Ezinye iimodeli eziphambili ziquka iialam ezivakalayo okanye ezibonakalayo ukukulumkisa ukuba ubushushu buphuma ngaphandle koluhlu olusetiweyo, oluluncedo ngakumbi ukuba awukwazi ukujonga i-aquarium imini yonke.
Nokuba loluphi uhlobo olukhethayo, isitshixo singaphakathi sebenzisa ithemometha rhoqoUkujonga ubushushu bakho kanye ngemini kunceda ukubona naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba. Ngamaxesha obushushu obugqithisileyo okanye abandayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukwenze oko nakabini ngemini (kusasa nangokuhlwa), njengoko umahluko wobushushu unokuba mkhulu.
Kwiindawo zasemanzini ezibuthathaka kakhulu okanye ezisetyenziswa ngobungcali, abagcini abaninzi bakhetha ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwethemometha yedijithali evumela ukuba ukulinganisa rhoqo kunye nokufunda okuchanekileyo nokuba kukho iinguqulelo ezincinci. Oku kuchaneka okongeziweyo kuxabiswa kakhulu kwiindawo apho iintlobo zezilwanyana ezivakalelwa kakhulu kutshintsho lobushushu zigcinwa.
Ukunyuka kweentlanzi ezintsha kubushushu be-aquarium
Xa yaziswa ubomi obutsha kwi-aquarium yasekhayaI-Acclimation linyathelo elibalulekileyo elingamele lityeshelwe. I-Acclimation ithetha ukungenisa ngokucothayo intlanzi kwindawo yazo entsha, ngokuthe ngcembe ilungelelanisa iimeko. lobushushu nakwifayile ye- iimpawu zamanzi kwi-aquarium. Ukuyitsiba le nkqubo kunokubangela ukothuka okuyingozi kakhulu kwi-thermal okanye kwikhemikhali kwizilwanyana.
Eyona ndlela ilula kukuthutha intlanzi kwivenkile kwingxowa okanye isitya samanzi. Nje ukuba ugoduke, ibhegi ibekwe idada phezu komphezulu we-aquarium ixesha elaneleyo lokuba intlanzi ihlale. ingxowa yobushushu bamanzi ukuhambelana ne-aquarium. Le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-30, kwaye inceda ukuthintela intlanzi ukuba ingafumani utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lweedigri ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
Kwiintlobo ezibuthathaka ngakumbi, ezifana ne-cichlids okanye i-invertebrates, le ndlela ilandelayo iyacetyiswa: drip acclimatizationOku kubandakanya ngokucothayo kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ukongeza amanani amancinci wamanzi e-aquarium kwisikhongozeli apho iintlanzi ezintsha zikhoyo. Oku akulungiseleli kuphela ubushushu kodwa kunye nezinye iiparameters ezifana ne-pH kunye nobunzima. Le nkqubo inokuthatha phakathi kwe-30 kunye nemizuzu engama-60, kuxhomekeke kubuzaza beentlobo.
Kuyo yonke inkqubo ye-acclimatization, kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ube ne ithemometha echanekileyo Ukulawula ngononophelo ubushushu bawo omabini amanzi e-aquarium kunye nesitya samanzi. Oku kuthintela ukuhla ngequbuliso okanye ukunyuka okunokubangela ukothuka kwe-thermal.
Emva kokuba ubushushu kunye neempawu zamanzi zilinganiswe ngokukhuselekileyo, ziyakwazi ukwazisa intlanzi kwi-aquarium ngoncedo lomnatha, qaphela ukuba ungagaleli onke amanzi ebhegini kwitanki enkulu ukunqanda ukwazisa ungcoliseko olunokwenzeka.
Indlela yokwenza ukuba iqondo lobushushu liyenyuka okanye lehla kakhulu
Nokuba nenkqubo yokufudumeza efanelekileyo kunye ne-thermometry, iimeko zinokuvela apho ubushushu buphuma kulawuloAmaza obushushu, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesifudumezi-manzi, okanye ukuphela kombane kunokubangela ukuba ubushushu bamanzi bunyuke okanye siwe ngaphandle koluhlu olufanelekileyo. Kwezi meko, kubalulekile ukwenza ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kwakhona ngononophelo.
Ukuba iqondo lobushushu Inyuka kakhulu. (umzekelo, ngaphezulu kwe-29°C kwi-aquarium eqhelekileyo yetropikhi), kuyacetyiswa ukuba:
- Cima okanye unciphise amandla e Isifudumezi ukuba ibivuliwe.
- Yandisa i- ioksijini yamanzi, umzekelo ngokuphakamisa kancinane indawo yokucoca ukuze yaphule umphezulu okanye ngokongeza impompo yomoya, kuba kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kukho ioksijini enyibilikayo encinci.
- Sebenzisa abalandeli benzelwe ngokukodwa ii-aquariums ezikhuthaza ukuguquka kwamanzi kwaye zithobe ubushushu bamanzi ngedigri enye okanye ezimbini.
- Njengomlinganiselo wexeshana, sebenzisa iingxowa ezitywiniweyo okanye iibhotile zomkhenkce ezidada phezu komhlaba, ukubeka iliso ngethemometha ukuba ukwehla icotha kwaye inenkqubelaukuphepha amathontsi ngequbuliso.
Ukuba, ngokuchaseneyo, iqondo lokushisa Yehla kakhulu (umzekelo, ngenxa yokuhla ngesiquphe kwiqondo lobushushu okanye ukusilela kwesifudumezi), amanyathelo acetyiswayo ngala:
- Jonga i ukusebenza kwesifudumezi kwaye uyibuyisele ukuba yonakele.
- Khusela i-aquarium kwiidrafti ezibandayo kunye neefestile ezingavalwanga kakuhle ukunciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu.
- Yandisa iqondo lobushushu ngokuthe ngcembe usebenzisa isifudumezisi ngendlela efanelekileyo yokusebenza, unqanda ukunyuka okukhawulezileyo kweedigri ezininzi ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu.
Kuzo zombini iimeko, injongo kukuba utshintsho lweqondo lokushisa lube ngobunono kangangokoUkwahluka kwedigri enye okanye ezimbini ezisasazeke kwiiyure ezininzi kukhuseleke kakhulu kunotshintsho lwedigri ezine okanye ezintlanu kwimizuzu nje.
Ukubekwa esweni rhoqo kobushushu be-aquarium
Nje ukuba ube neentlanzi kwi-aquarium njengenxalenye ye-ecosystem oyenzileyo, kufuneka uqhubeke nokubeka iliso kubushushu be-aquarium. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ube nethemometha ehlala ilinganisaEzinye zazo zibambelela kwiglasi ye-aquarium kwaye zibonelela ngokuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo nangokuthe ngqo.
Kufuneka nje ugcine engqondweni ukuba ithemometha ayivelwanga lilanga Kananjalo akufanele ibekwe kufutshane nemithombo yobushushu obuthe ngqo, njengoko oku kunokulinganisa ngokungachanekanga ubushushu bamanzi. Ukuyibeka kwelinye icala le-aquarium, ekhuselweyo kwidrafti kunye nokuhamba komoya ngokuthe ngqo kwisihluzi, ihlala ibonelela ngokufunda okuthembekileyo.
Ukugcina ubushushu obufanelekileyo, sebenzisa nje i-a isifudumezi esikhethekileyo se-aquariums leyo intywiliselwe emanzini. Ubungakanani bobushushu obukhutshwa ngala ma-heaters bunokulawulwa, kwaye ukhetho lwabo luhambelana iilitha eziqulathwe yi-aquarium kunye nomahluko phakathi kweqondo lobushushu elifunekayo.
Kuyacetyiswa Musa ukubeka i-aquarium elangeni ukutshisa amanziYinkolelo exhaphakileyo, kodwa ayisiyondlela isebenzayo yokugcina ubushushu obufanelekileyo, njengoko kukho umngcipheko wokufudumeza kwamanzi okanye ukungazinzi. Uyigcina njani i-aquarium de peces izityalo zetropikhi ezinendawo yokuhlala efanelekileyo kufuneka zisoloko zinamanzi ekhoyo. icace, icocekile kwaye ihluzwe kakuhle, kwaye thintela ukukhula kwe-algaeedla ngokuvela emanzini anokukhanya okugqithisileyo kunye nezondlo.
Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kweqondo lokushisa kuhlala kudibaniswa nokucoca okulungileyo, utshintsho lwamanzi rhoqo, kunye nokutya okunokulinganisela. Intlanzi ehlala emanzini acocekileyo kunye neeparitha ezizinzile kunye nokushisa okuchanekileyo kuya kuba nesistim somzimba esinamandla kwaye siya kubonisa ukukhula okunempilo. imibala eqaqambileyo kunye nokuziphatha okusebenzayo.
Iintlanzi zaseTropiki zamanzi acocekileyo kunye nokuhlala kunye kwi-aquarium
Sakuba sineqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo leentlanzi zethu, lixesha lokuba senze isigqibo. Zeziphi iintlobo ezifanelekileyo ukuhlala kunye? kwi-aquarium efanayo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iintlobo ezininzi de peces Iincasa zaseTropiki zinokungahambi kakuhle kunye, njengoko ezinye zihamba kakhulu ngendawo okanye ndlongo kunye nezinye iintlobo, ngelixa ezinye zinoxolo kakhulu.
Ukuseta i-aquarium esebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka siqinisekise kuqala ukuhambelana kweentlanzi zethuOku kubandakanya ukuthathela ingqalelo ubungakanani babo abadala, indawo yabo yokuqubha kuluhlu lwamanzi (umphezulu, umbindi-zone okanye ezantsi), iqondo lobushushu babo kunye neemfuneko zeeparamitha zamanzi.
Omnye umba obalulekileyo oza kufuneka uwuthathele ingqalelo xa useka i-aquarium enentlanzi yetropiki pH yamanziUhlobo ngalunye lwentlanzi lunoluhlu lwe-pH apho lunokuphila ngokusempilweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintlanzi ezininzi zetropiki zihlala emanzini ane-pH phakathi [faka uluhlu lwe-pH apha]. 5,5 kunye ne8Nangona ngokufanelekileyo kufuneka zigcinwe ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile olucetyiswayo kwiphepha labo ledatha. Njengakwiqondo lobushushu, endaweni yokufuna amaxabiso agqithisileyo, kungcono ukujolisa amaxabiso azinzileyo.
Phakathi kwezona ntlanzi zifanelekileyo zamanzi acocekileyo kwi-aquarium yethu, sifumana a uluhlu olude lweentlobo ezibethayo kwaye, ngokubanzi, kulula ukuyigcina ukuba iimfuno zabo ezisisiseko ziyahlonitshwa.
IAulonocaras
Ezi ntlanzi zidume kakhulu ngenxa yazo imibala ebabethayo Kwaye ngenxa yenkathalo yabo elula, ngaphandle kokuba banikwe indawo kunye namanzi asemgangathweni. Kulula ukuzondla, ekubeni Benza omnivorousUnokondla le ntlanzi ngeeflakes ezomileyo, ukutya okufriziwe, iiflakes ezityetyisiweyo, iintonga, kunye nokutya okukhethekileyo kwe-cichlid.
Ukuba yi-cichlids, kubalulekile ukuba bathathele ingqalelo yabo umlinganiswa wommandla, ngakumbi phakathi kwamadoda, kunye nokubonelela ngeendawo ezaneleyo, iindawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo apho banokumisela khona ummandla wabo ngaphandle kokungqubuzana okukhulu.
ILabertíntidos
Olunye uhlobo lwentlanzi olulula kakhulu, njengoko lunalo i-labyrinthine ilungu Oku kubenza bakwazi ukuphefumla ioksijini esemoyeni ukongezelela kuleyo inyibilikiswe emanzini. Oku kubanika inzuzo ethile kwiindawo ezihlala emanzini apho amanqanaba eoksijini anokutshintshatshintsha, kodwa akufuneki asetyenziswe njengesizathu sokungahoyi ukuhluzwa kunye ne-oxygen.
Ingxaki abanokuyibangela ngezinye iintlanzi kukuba iintlanzi ezininzi ze<em>labyrinth, ezifana nee<em>betta, zinjalo indawo kakhuluingakumbi amadoda. Ke ngoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubuze evenkileni ukuba yeyiphi intlanzi ehambelana kakhulu nayo, okanye kwezinye iimeko, ukugcina enye kuphela yezi ntlanzi kwindawo nganye ye-aquarium okanye indawo, ukuthintela amaqabane etanki anamaphiko amade anokuthi abangele ubundlongondlongo babo.
kuhli
Zizona ntlanzi zinemibala kwaye ziyacetyiswa zazo ulungelelwaniso olukhulu Ziyachuma xa zithelekiswa nezinye iintlobo, ukuba zinikwa indawo efanelekileyo. Bathanda ukuchitha ixesha labo elininzi emazantsi e-aquarium, behlola phakathi kwegrabile kunye neendawo zokuzifihla.
Olona khathalelo lukhethekileyo kuphela abalufunayo lu igrabile entle okanye i-substrate ethambileyokuba le ntlanzi iya kuzama ukuzingcwaba kuyo kwaye, ukuba ayinako ukwenjenjalo, ayiyi kuphumla ngokufanelekileyo kwaye inokubandezeleka uxinzeleloKwakhona bayayixabisa i-aquariums enezityalo, imiqolomba, kunye nezigodo ezibavumela ukuba bazimele emini.
Guppy
Es enye yezona ntlanzi zidumileyo zaseTropiki Ziyacetyiswa kwabo baqalayo kwihlabathi leentlanzi kunye ne-aquariums. Babonisa iindidi ezininzi zemibala, ngakumbi kumadoda, kwaye banokuziphatha okusebenzayo kunye nokuhlalisana.
Bafuna izityalo kunye nezinye izinto zokuhombisa Zingasetyenziswa njengeendawo zokufihla kunye neendawo zokuphumla kwitanki yeentlanzi. Aba bazali bazala ngokulula phantsi kweemeko ezilungileyo. Kubalulekile ukulawula abantu babo ukunqanda ukuxinana kwe-aquarium.
Intlanzi yomnyama
Njengoko igama labo libonisa, badla ngokubonisa a imibala eyahlukeneyo imangalisa kakhulu. Ubungakanani babo obukhulu abugqithisi ngokuqhelekileyo 12 cmKe ngoko, baziqhelanisa kakuhle ne-aquariums ezinobungakanani obuphakathi ukuba nje zigcinwe ngokwamaqela kwaye zinendawo yokuqubha.
Ziyintlanzi esebenzayo, enoxolo kwaye iyahambelana nezinye iintlobo ezininzi de peces amanzi acocekileyo etropikhi, ngaphandle kokuba babelana ngeemfuno ezifanayo zobushushu kunye nomgangatho wamanzi.
Iicichlids
Ezi ntlanzi ziyakwazi ukuphila kwindawo a iintlobo ngeentlobo zokusingqongileyo Baziqhelanisa phantse nayiphi na indawo yokuhlala, nangona iintlobo ezininzi zithanda amanzi ashushu, ane-oksijini. Ukunyamekela kwabo kunokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezithile ze-cichlid, ukusuka kwezona zinoxolo ukuya kummandla.
Ingxaki ekuphela kwayo ezi ntlanzi zidla ngokuba nayo, ngakumbi ezinye iindidi, zezo ukuveliswa ngokukhawulezaUkuba ukhathalelo aluthathwanga, i-cichlids inokugqiba ukulawula i-aquarium kuwo omabini amanani kunye nokuziphatha. Ngethamsanqa, i ubushushu bamanzi Inokuba nefuthe kumlinganiselo wabo wokuzala, kwaye amanyathelo olawulo anokuthathwa ukugcina abemi bephantsi kolawulo.
Siphos
Yintlanzi elula ukuyikhathalela, nangona ifuna i-aquariums Ubuncinane beelitha ezingama-70 ukuze bakwazi ukudada ngokukhululeka kwaye baphuhlise isimilo sabo sendalo. Ziziintlanzi eziphilayo, okuthetha ukuba zizala abantwana abakhule ngokupheleleyo, bakhulisa ngokukhawuleza inani labantu base-aquarium ukuba iimeko zivuma.
Ngokuqhelekileyo bathambile, nangona iinkunzi zinokuba ndlongondlongo. indawo phakathi kwabo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba babonelele ngeendawo kunye neendawo zokuhlala ukuze baphephe iingxabano ezigqithisileyo.
IiTetras
Ezi ntlanzi zinokuba kakhulu ezimibalabalaKwaye unokuzifumana kumakhulu emibala kunye neendibaniselwano. Uninzi lweentlanzi zesikolo, oku kuthetha ukuba bayakonwabela ukuhlala kumaqela amakhulu apho baziva bekhuselekile kwaye babonise ukuziphatha okunomdla kwendalo.
I-Tetras, njenge-neon tetra eyaziwayo, iqhelekile ukumelana Ukuba zigcinwe kwii-aquariums ezilondolozwe kakuhle kunye nobushushu obufanelekileyo kunye namanzi acocekileyo, ziphakathi kweentlobo ezifanelekileyo kwii-aquarium zoluntu ezinoxolo.
Ngorhatya
Le ntlanzi inokubakho imibala eyahlukileyo kakhuluKunzima ukufumana isampuli yeTateurdina enombala omnye kuphela kwizikali zayo. Inkangeleko yayo iyenza ibe yintlanzi exabiseke kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abathanda ukuzilibazisa abafuna ii-aquariums ezinomtsalane kunye neentlobo ezingaqhelekanga.
Kucetyiswa ukuba i Itanki yeentlanzi kufuneka ibe neelitha ezingama-20 zamanzi ubuncinane.Ngeendawo ezininzi zokufihla, izityalo, kunye neendawo ezizolileyo, njengoko zingasebenzi njengezinye iintlanzi zesikolo, ukuyigcina kuluhlu olufanelekileyo lobushushu kunye nokugcina umgangatho wamanzi ofanelekileyo kuya kukhupha amandla ayo ombala opheleleyo.
Ngezi ntlanzi, kwaye usoloko elawula i ubushushu obufanelekileyo kwi-aquarium yetropikiUnokonwabela i-aquarium epheleleyo de peces intlanzi enemibala kakhulu, esebenzayo kwaye esempilweni iminyaka emininzi.
Ukugcina iqondo lobushushu elichanekileyo, ukuphepha ukuguquguquka kwesiquphe, ukusebenzisa ithemometha ezifanelekileyo kunye nezifudumezi, kunye nokukhetha iintlobo ezihambelanayo ziintsika eziguqula i-aquarium enamanzi acwengileyo etropikhi ibe yindawo encinci, ezinzileyo, kunye ne-ecosystem, ekwaziyo ukunika umbono wombala kunye nentshukumo kulo naliphi na ikhaya.