Un i-biotope aquarium Yenye apho siphinda sisebenzise i-ecosystem ukuze iintlanzi kunye nezityalo kunye nezilwanyana ezingenamqolo zikhule. Ikwamele iseti yeentlobo ukusuka Iindawo zokuhlala ezahlukileyo kakhulu omnye komnye.
Ingaba yenza iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Kukho ii-biotopes ezahlukeneyo kunye nokubuyisela indawo yokuhlala efanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwinto nganye eyithandayo. Kubathandi kunokuba sisiqalo esihle kwiintlobo zokuqala abafuna ukuzigcina, kwaye kamva, ezinye iintlanzi ezihlala kwingingqi enye okanye kwindawo yokuhlala.
Ukwenza i-aquarium ibhayotopu ulwazi luyafuneka. Nje ukuba uhlobo lukhethiwe, kufuneka luphinde lwenziwe kwakhona kunye ne iimeko ezifanayo zasekuqaleni. Oko kukuthi, uhlala usondele ngokusondeleyo kwimeko yeentlanzi kunye nezityalo zommandla othile okanye indawo yokuhlala.
Iintlobo eziphambili ze-biotope aquariums
I-aquarium yaseAsia. Inqaku layo eliphambili kukuba linayo izityalo ezininzi kunye nentlanzi. Izityalo ezifana neefern ziphinda zenze indawo yokuhlala yolu hlobo lwebiotope. Iintlanzi ezinjengeebarbs, zonke iirasboras, kunye neetrichos, Colisa lalia, bettas, danios, botias kunye kuhli Zikulungele ukugcwalisa i-aquarium yaseAsia. Ngokuqhelekileyo, a ukuhamba okuphakathi, iingcambu zasemoyeni ezininzi kunye namagqabi awileyo atyebisa ibhedi.
Imangrove Aquarium. Olu hlobo lwendawo yokuhlala, nalo lufumaneka eAsia, luvela kwiingcambu zemangrove. Iintlanzi ezifana nomtoli (IiToxotes), Scatofagus agus, Iiblowfish kunye mudskipperUkufezekisa imbonakalo yendalo yendalo, iziqu ezidibeneyo okanye iingcambu ezilinganisa i-mangrove kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Amanzi anjalo i-alkaline encinci ene-pH enkulu kune-7 kwaye ihlala.
Inkcazo eyandisiweyo kunye nobubanzi be-biotope
Ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, i-aquarium ye-biotope ifuna ukuvelisa kwakhona i-ikhosistim ngokuthembeka okuphezulu: iintlobo de peces kunye nezityalo zasendaweni enye; i-substrate, amatye kunye neenkuni ezilinganayo kwindawo emelweyo kunye iiparamitha zamanzi (iqondo lobushushu, i-pH, ubulukhuni, i-conductivity) isondele kakhulu kwezo ndawo yokuhlala. Okuphambili kunikwe phenotype yasendle (umbala wendalo kunye ne-morphology), ukuphepha iintlobo zokuhombisa ezikhethiweyo ekuthinjweni.
Ngaphantsi kwembono engqongqo, ingqikelelo ivuma ukuba iielementi ze-abiotic zi ngokulinganayo ngokwejoloji nokuba izinto eziphilayo, nangona zikhuliswe ekuthinjweni, zezohlobo olunjalo ukuhlala kunye kuloo biome. Xa umela imimandla emikhulu (umzekelo, izitya ezipheleleyo okanye amacandelo amaninzi akude) iwela ngakumbi kudidi lwe umxholo okanye i-aquarium yejografi, iseluncedo ekuhanjisweni nasekuyonwabeleni.
Imizekelo edumileyo ibandakanya ii-biotopes ze Amazon kunye Umlambo omnyama, imilambo ye EMazantsi mpuma eAsia, amachibi aseAfrika eMalawi naseTanganyika, amasimi erayisi yaseIndiya okanye, elwandle, iingqaqa ukusuka kuLwandle Olubomvu, kwiCaribbean, okanye kwiMeditera. Ukhetho luchaza amatye, ii-substrates, izityalo kunye ne-flow dynamics ukuba i-aquarium kufuneka ibonise.
Indlela yokuhlela kunye nokucwangcisa i-biotope
I-biotope ichazwa ngeendlela ezine ezibalulekileyo: ummandla wejografi (UMzantsi Melika, iAfrika, iAsia, iYurophu, iilwandle), uhlobo lendawo yokuhlala (umlambo, umsinga, ichibi, umgxobhozo, ummango), iintlobo zemveli ezihambelanayo kwaye ukuba kuthe kwanqwenelwa ukuchaneka ngakumbi, i ixesha lonyaka (ixesha elomileyo/imvula, ihlobo/ebusika) eliphembelela izinga lokuqukuqela kwamanzi, ukungafihli kunye nokufumaneka kweendawo zokuhlala.
Phanda ngemithombo ethembekileyo yokuqokelela idatha kuyo chemistry yamanzi, ubume bebhedi, uhlaza lwaselunxwemeni, izingqisho ezilula kunye nokuziphatha kweentlanzi ekuhlaleni. Khetha ivolyum yeurn evumelayo indawo kunye nokuqubha efanelekileyo, kwaye yenza umboniso nge izinto zendalo (amagqabi, amasebe, iziqu, amatye) ahambelana nendawo emele.
I-Biotope, amanzi amnyama kunye nendlela yebhotani
I-Biotopes ifuna phindaphinda indawo ethile ngeentlobo zendalo kunye neeparamitha ezihlengahlengisiweyo. I iiaquariums zamanzi amnyama Zivelisa amanzi aneasidi kunye ne-tannin-rich (ezifana neNegro River), nge umbala we-amber, i-pH ephantsi kunye nobunzima obuphantsi; zifanelekile ii-tetras kunye neekhadinali kunye neecichlids ezihlala kwindawo ezingqongileyo ukukhanya okufipheleyo. I indlela yebhotani ibeka phambili ukusetyenziswa kobuchule bamagqabi kunye neepod ukufezekisa ubuhle bendalo, nge iiparamitha eziguquguqukayo kwaye ngaphandle koxanduva lokunamathela kwindawo ethile.
Amanqanaba e-biotope kunye ne-biotope ethile
Ibhayotopu yebanga lesi-3: ilungele abaqalayo. Izityalo zokufunda kunye neentlanzi kwi- ilizwekazi okanye i-macroregion ezineparameters ezifanayo nangona zingabelani ngomlambo omnye. Ivumela ubuhle bendalo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo.
IBanga lesi-2 leBiotope: ukumelwa kwe umlambo omkhulu kunye nemilambo yawo. Ifuna ukuqokelela ulwazi kwinkqubo (iiflora, fauna, umbala wamanzi, ixesha lonyaka), ukufezekisa i-montage ichaneke ngakumbi kwaye iyasebenza apho abemi baqaphela izinto zokusingqongileyo.
IBanga lesi-1 leBiotope: indawo ngqo kakhulu yomlambo okanye yomlambo. Ikhemistri eneenkcukacha, inkangeleko yomhlaba, kunye nedatha yoluntu isetyenziswa ukujongwa ukuziphatha kwendalo (ukuveliswa kwakhona, ii-hierarchies, izikolo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-microhabitat) ngokunyaniseka okukhulu.
I-biotope ethile: qwalasela a iintlobo eziphambili. Nangona iseti ingaphelelanga, ibonelelwe iimeko ezifanelekileyo impilo yabo kunye nokufunda iinkcukacha ze-microhabitat yabo ngaphakathi kwe-B1, ngokungathi bajonga icandelo le-ecosystem ngeglasi yokukhulisa.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo kwi-biotope enempilo
Gcina ifayile ye- ibhalansi yendalo ukulungisa inani labemi, ukutya, kunye nokugcinwa. Beka izinto ezibalulekileyo kwindawo yokuqala iintlobo zephenotype zasendle okanye zendalo iyahambelana. Kuphephe ukuxuba iintlanzi ze izitya ezikude Ukuba ujonge ukunyaniseka kwaye usebenzise ukuhluza kunye nokuhamba ngokwendawo yokuhlala. Ukukhanyisa kufuneka kukhaphe photoperiod yendawo emelweyo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQ)
Ngaba kunzima ukugcina i-aquarium ye-biotope? Iyafuneka uphando lwangaphambili kunye nokungaguquguquki, kodwa ngokucwangcisa kunye neeparamitha ezizinzileyo zifikeleleka ngokupheleleyo ngabantu abangafundanga abazinikeleyo.
Ngaba ndifuna amava angaphambili? Ayiyomfuneko. Kuyanceda ukuqala nge-B3 kwaye usebenze ngendlela yakho. B2 / B1 njengoko usazi kakuhle ikhemistri yamanzi kunye nokuhambelana.
Ngaba ibiza kakhulu kune-aquarium edibeneyo? Kuxhomekeke kwi ubungakanani kunye neentlobo. Ezinye izinto kunye neentlanzi ezithile ziphakamisa iindleko zokuqala, kodwa i ukuhambelana kwenkqubo ngokuqhelekileyo yenza kube lula ukuzinza kwayo kwixesha eliphakathi.
Ngaba ndingaxuba iintlobo ezisuka kwindawo enye? Ewe, ukuba kunjalo iyahambelana kunye nokwabelana ngeemfuno zomzimba zekhemikhali. Khangela indawo, iindawo zokubhukuda kunye nokutya ukuphepha iingxabano.
Ukudala i-biotope ethembekileyo ayiphakamisi nje kuphela intlalontle yeentlanzi, ikwaphucula i ulondolozo kunye nemfundo yokusingqongileyo ngokubonisa indlela i-ecosystem yokwenyani esebenza ngayo ngaphakathi kwekhaya, ukusuka kwiinkqubo ze-substrate ukuya kwi-social dynamics yabemi bayo.
